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NCV4276, NCV4276A 400 mA Low-Drop Voltage Regulator
The NCV4276 is a 400 mA output current integrated low dropout regulator family designed for use in harsh automotive environments. It includes wide operating temperature and input voltage ranges. The device is offered with fixed output voltage options of 1.8 V and 2.5 V with 4% output voltage accuracy while the 3.3 V, 5.0 V, and adjustable voltage versions are available either in 2% or 4% output voltage accuracy. It has a high peak input voltage tolerance and reverse input voltage protection. It also provides overcurrent protection, overtemperature protection and inhibit for control of the state of the output voltage. The NCV4276 family is available in DPAK and D2PAK surface mount packages. The output is stable over a wide output capacitance and ESR range.
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* 2.5 V and 1.8 V 4% Output Voltage * 3.3 V, 5.0 V, and Adjustable Voltage Version (from 2.5 V to 20 V) * * * * *
DPAK 5-PIN DT SUFFIX CASE 175AA
* *
4% or 2% Output Voltage 400 mA Output Current 500 mV (max) Dropout Voltage (5.0 V Output) Inhibit Input Very Low Current Consumption Fault Protection +45 V Peak Transient Voltage -42 V Reverse Voltage Short Circuit Thermal Overload NCV Prefix for Automotive and Other Applications Requiring Site and Control Changes Pb-Free Packages are Available
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D2PAK 5-PIN DS SUFFIX CASE 936A
DEVICE MARKING INFORMATION
See general marking information in the device marking section on page 20 of this data sheet.
ORDERING INFORMATION
See detailed ordering and shipping information in the ordering information section on page 21 of this data sheet.
(c) Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2006
October, 2006 - Rev. 18
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Publication Order Number: NCV4276/D
NCV4276, NCV4276A
I Error Amplifier - + Current Limit and Saturation Sense Q
Bandgap Reference Thermal Shutdown
INH
GND
NC
Figure 1. 4276 Block Diagram
I Error Amplifier - + Current Limit and Saturation Sense
Q
Bandgap Reference Thermal Shutdown
INH
GND
VA
Figure 2. 4276 Adjustable Block Diagram
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NCV4276, NCV4276A
PIN FUNCTION DESCRIPTION
Pin No. 1 2 3 4 5 Symbol I INH GND NC / VA Q Input; Battery Supply Input Voltage. Inhibit; Set low-to inhibit. Ground; Pin 3 internally connected to heatsink. Not connected for fixed voltage version / Voltage Adjust Input for adjustable voltage version; use an external voltage divider to set the output voltage Use 22 mF, ESR < 2.5 W at 10 kHz to ground with the 5.0 V and adjustable regulators. See Figures 3, 4, and 5. Use 10 mF, ESR < 1.8 W at 10 kHz to ground with the 3.3 V, 2.5 V, and 1.8 V regulators. See Figures 3 and 6. Description
MAXIMUM RATINGS*
Rating Input Voltage Input Peak Transient Voltage Inhibit INH Voltage Output Voltage Ground Current Input Voltage Operating Range ESD Susceptibility (Human Body Model) (Machine Model) (Charged Device Model) Symbol VI VI VINH VQ Iq VI - - - TJ Tstg Min -42 - -42 -1.0 - VQ + 0.5 V or 4.5 V (Note 1) 4.5 250 1.25 -40 -50 Max 45 45 45 40 100 40 - - - 150 150 Unit V V V V mA V kV V kV C C
Junction Temperature Storage Temperature
Stresses exceeding Maximum Ratings may damage the device. Maximum Ratings are stress ratings only. Functional operation above the Recommended Operating Conditions is not implied. Extended exposure to stresses above the Recommended Operating Conditions may affect device reliability. *During the voltage range which exceeds the maximum tested voltage of I, operation is assured, but not specified. Wider limits may apply. Thermal dissipation must be observed closely.
LEAD TEMPERATURE SOLDERING REFLOW (Note 2)
Lead Temperature Soldering Reflow (SMD styles only), Leaded, 60-150 s above 183, 30 s max at peak Reflow (SMD styles only), Lead Free, 60-150 s above 217, 40 s max at peak Wave Solder (through hole styles only), 12 sec max TSLD - - - 240 265 310 C
THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS
Characteristic DPAK 5-PIN PACKAGE Min Pad Board (Note 3) Junction-to-Tab (psi-JLx, yJLx) Junction-to-Ambient (RqJA, qJA) D2PAK 5-PIN PACKAGE 0.4 sq. in. Spreader Board (Note 5) Junction-to-Tab (psi-JLx, yJLx) Junction-to-Ambient (RqJA, qJA) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 3.8 74.8 1.2 sq. in. Spreader Board (Note 6) 4.0 41.6 C/W C/W 4.2 100.9 1, Pad Board (Note 4) 4.7 46.8 C/W C/W Test Conditions (Typical Value) Unit
Minimum VI = 4.5 V or (VQ + 0.5 V), whichever is higher. Per IPC / JEDEC J-STD-020C. 1 oz. copper, 0.26 inch2 (168 mm2) copper area, 0.062 thick FR4. 1 oz. copper, 1.14 inch2 (736 mm2) copper area, 0.062 thick FR4. 1 oz. copper, 0.373 inch2 (241 mm2) copper area, 0.062 thick FR4. 1 oz. copper, 1.222 inch2 (788 mm2) copper area, 0.062 thick FR4.
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NCV4276, NCV4276A
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VI = 13.5 V; -40C < TJ < 150C; unless otherwise noted.)
NCV4276 Characteristic OUTPUT Output Voltage, 5.0 V Version Output Voltage, 5.0 V Version Output Voltage, 3.3 V Version Output Voltage, 3.3 V Version Output Voltage, 2.5 V Version Output Voltage, 2.5 V Version Output Voltage, 1.8 V Version Output Voltage, 1.8 V Version Output Voltage, Adjustable Version Output Current Limitation Quiescent Current (Sleep Mode) Iq = II - IQ Quiescent Current, Iq = II - IQ Quiescent Current, Iq = II - IQ Quiescent Current, Iq = II - IQ Dropout Voltage, 5.0 V Version 3.3 V Version 2.5 V Version 1.8 V Version Adjustable Version Dropout Voltage (5.0 V Version) Load Regulation Line Regulation Power Supply Ripple Rejection Temperature Output Voltage Drift INHIBIT Inhibit Voltage, Output High Inhibit Voltage, Output Low (Off) Input Current THERMAL SHUTDOWN Thermal Shutdown Temperature* TSD IQ = 5.0 mA 150 - 210 150 - 210 C *Guaranteed by design, not tested in production. 7. Measured when the output voltage VQ has dropped 100 mV from the nominal valued obtained at V = 13.5 V. VINH VINH IINH VQ w VQMIN VQ v 0.1 V VINH = 5.0 V - 0.5 5.0 2.8 1.7 10 3.5 - 20 - 0.5 5.0 2.3 2.2 10 3.5 - 20 V V mA VDR DVQ,LO DVQ PSRR dVQ/dT VQ VQ VQ VQ VQ VQ VQ VQ AVQ 5.0 mA < IQ < 400 mA, 6.0 V < VI < 28 V 5.0 mA < IQ < 200 mA, 6.0 V < VI < 40 V 5.0 mA < IQ < 400 mA, 4.5 V < VI < 28 V 5.0 mA < IQ < 200 mA, 4.5 V < VI < 40 V 5.0 mA < IQ < 400 mA, 4.5 V < VI < 28 V 5.0 mA < IQ < 200 mA, 4.5 V < VI < 40 V 5.0 mA < IQ < 400 mA, 4.5 V < VI < 28 V 5.0 mA < IQ < 200 mA, 4.5 V < VI < 40 V 5.0 mA < IQ < 400 mA VQ+1 < VI < 40 V VI > 4.5 V VQ = 90% VQTYP (VQTYP = 2.5 V for ADJ version) VINH = 0 V IQ = 1.0 mA IQ = 250 mA IQ = 400 mA IQ = 250 mA, VDR = VI - VQ VI = 5.0 V VI = 4.5 V VI = 4.5 V VI = 4.5 V VI > 4.5 V IQ = 250 mA (Note 7) IQ = 5.0 mA to 400 mA DVI = 12 V to 32 V, IQ = 5.0 mA fr = 100 Hz, Vr = 0.5 VPP - 4.8 4.8 3.168 3.168 2.4 2.4 1.728 1.728 -4% 5.0 5.0 3.3 3.3 2.5 2.5 1.8 1.8 - 5.2 5.2 3.432 3.432 2.6 2.6 1.872 1.872 +4% 4.9 4.9 3.234 3.234 - - - - -2% 5.0 5.0 3.3 3.3 - - - - - 5.1 5.1 3.366 3.366 - - - - +2% V V V V V V V V V Symbol Test Conditions Min Typ Max Min NCV4276A Typ Max Unit
IQ Iq Iq Iq Iq VDR
400 - - - -
700 - 130 10 25
1100 10 220 15 35
400 - - - -
700 - 130 10 25
1100 10 200 15 35
mA mA mA mA mA
- - - - - - - - - -
250 - - - 250 - 10 2.5 60 0.5
500 1.332 2.1 2.772 500 - 35 25 - -
- - - - - - - - - -
- - - - 250 250 3.0 4.0 54 0.5
- - - - 500 500 20 15 - -
mV V V V mV mV mV mV dB mV/K
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NCV4276, NCV4276A
5.5 - 45 V Input II CI1 1.0 mF CI2 100 nF INH IINH 2 I1 5Q CQ 22 mF 4 GND NC RL IQ Output
NCV4276 3
Figure 3. Applications Circuit; Fixed Voltage Version
VQ = [(R1 + R2) * Vref] / R2 Input II CI1 1.0 mF CI2 100 nF INH IINH 2 I1 NCV4276 NCV4276A 3 GND 4 VA R2 5Q CQ 22 mF IQ Output
R1 RL
Figure 4. Applications Circuit; Adjustable Voltage Version
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
1000 100 10 1 0.1 0.01 Maximum ESR for CQ = 1 mF - 22 mF Stable ESR Region 0 50 100 200 250 300 350 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) 150 400 450 Unstable ESR Region for CQ = 1 mF - 22 mF 10.0 9.0 8.0 7.0 ESR (W) ESR (W) 6.0 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 0 50 100 Stable Region 150 200 250 300 350 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) 400 450 1.8 V Unstable Region 2.5 V CQ = 10 mF for these Output Voltages 3.3 V
Figure 5. Output Stability with Output Capacitor ESR, 5.0 V and Adjustable Regulator
Figure 6. Output Stability with Output Capacitor ESR, 1.8 V, 2.5 V, 3.3 V Regulators
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NCV4276, NCV4276A
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS - 4276 Version
5.2 VI = 13.5 V, RL = 1000 W 5.1 VQ, (V) VQ, (V) 2.00 1.95 1.90 1.85 1.80 1.75 4.9 1.70 1.65 4.8 -40 0 40 TJ (C) 80 120 160 1.60 -40 0 40 TJ (C) 80 120 160 VI = 13.5 V RL = 1 kW
5.0
Figure 7. Output Voltage VQ vs. Temperature TJ, 5.0 V Version
2.70 2.65 2.60 VQ, (V) VQ, (V) 2.55 2.50 2.45 2.40 2.35 2.30 -40 0 40 TJ (C) 80 120 160 3.20 3.15 -40 3.35 3.30 3.25 VI = 13.5 V RL = 1 kW 3.45 3.40
Figure 8. Output Voltage VQ vs. Junction Temperature TJ, 1.8 V Version
VI = 13.5 V RL = 1 kW
0
40 TJ (C)
80
120
160
Figure 9. Output Voltage VQ vs. Junction Temperature TJ, 2.5 V Version
45 40 35 30 Iq, (mA) 25 20 15 10 5 0 0 10 20 VI (V) 30 40 50 Iq, (mA) TJ = 25C RL = 20 W 10 9.0 8.0 7.0 6.0 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0 0
Figure 10. Output Voltage VQ vs. Junction Temperature TJ, 3.3 V Version
TJ = 25C RL = 20 W
10
20 VI (V)
30
40
50
Figure 11. Current Consumption Iq vs. Input Voltage VI, 5.0 V Version
Figure 12. Current Consumption Iq vs. Input Voltage VI, 1.8 V Version
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NCV4276, NCV4276A
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS - 4276 Version
10 9.0 8.0 7.0 Iq, (mA) 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0 0 10 20 VI (V) 30 40 50 0 0 10 20 30 VI (V) 40 50 60 Iq, (mA) 6.0 TJ = 25C RL = 20 W 30 25 20 15 10 5.0 TJ = 25C RL = 20 W
Figure 13. Current Consumption Iq vs. Input Voltage VI, 2.5 V Version
6 4 2 0 -2 -4 -6 -8 -50 -25 0 VI (V) 25 50 VDR, (mV) II, (mA) TJ = 25C RL = 6.8 kW 600 500 400 300
Figure 14. Current Consumption Iq vs. Input Voltage VI, 3.3 V Version
TJ = 125C TJ = 25C
200 100 0 0
50
100
150
200 IQ (mA)
250
300
350
400
Figure 15. High Voltage Behavior
800 700 600 500 IQ, (mA) 400 300 200 100 0 0 10 20 VI (V) 30 40 50 10 0 Iq, (mA) 40 30 20 TJ = 25C VQ = 0 V 60 50
Figure 16. Dropout Voltage VDR vs. Output Current IQ, 5.0 V Version
TJ = 25C VI = 13.5 V
0
100
200
300 IQ (mA)
400
500
600
Figure 17. Maximum Output Current IQ vs. Input Voltage VI
Figure 18. Current Consumption Iq vs. Output Current IQ (High Load)
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NCV4276, NCV4276A
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS - 4276 Version
1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 Iq, (mA) 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 0 10 20 30 IQ (mA) 40 50 60 VQ, (V) TJ = 25C VI = 13.5 V 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 0 1.0 2.0 3.0 VI (V) 4.0 5.0 6.0 TJ = 25C RL = 20 W
Figure 19. Current Consumption Iq vs. Output Current IQ (Low Load)
5.0 4.5 4.0 3.5 VQ, (V) 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 VQ, (V) 3.0 TJ = 25C RL = 20 W 6.0 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0
Figure 20. Output Voltage VQ vs. Input Voltage VI, 1.8 V Version
TJ = 25C RL = 20 W
0
1.0
2.0
3.0 VI (V)
4.0
5.0
6.0
0
1.0
2.0
3.0 VI (V)
4.0
5.0
6.0
Figure 21. Output Voltage VQ vs. Input Voltage VI, 2.5 V Version
6 5 4 VQ, (V) 3 2 1 0 II, (mA) TJ = 25C RL = 20 W 6.0 4.0 2.0 0 -2.0 -4.0 -6.0 -8.0 0 2 4 VI (V) 6 8 10
Figure 22. Output Voltage VQ vs. Input Voltage VI, 3.3 V Version
TJ = 25C RL = 6.8 kW -25 0 VI (V) 25 50
-10 -50
Figure 23. Output Voltage VQ vs. Input Voltage VI, 5.0 V Version
Figure 24. Input Current II vs. Input Voltage VI, 5.0 V Version
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NCV4276, NCV4276A
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS - 4276 Version
1.0 0 -1.0 -2.0 II, (mA) -3.0 -4.0 -5.0 -6.0 -7.0 -50 -25 0 VI (V) TJ = 25C RL = 6.8 kW 25 50 II, (mA) 1.0 0 -1.0 -2.0 -3.0 -4.0 -5.0 -6.0 -7.0 -50 -25 0 VI (V) TJ = 25C RL = 6.8 kW 25 50
Figure 25. Input Current II vs. Input Voltage VI, 1.8 V Version
6.0 4.0 2.0 0 II, (mA) -2.0 -4.0 -6.0 -8.0 -10 -50 -25 0 VI (V)
Figure 26. Input Current II vs. Input Voltage VI, 2.5 V Version
TJ = 25C RL = 6.8 kW 25 50
Figure 27. Input Current II vs. Input Voltage VI, 3.3 V Version
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NCV4276, NCV4276A
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS - 4276A Version
5.2 VQ, OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) VQ, OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) VI = 13.5 V RL = 1 kW 5.1 3.45 3.40 3.35 3.30 3.25 3.20 3.15 -40 0 40 80 120 160 VI = 13.5 V RL = 1 kW
5.0
4.9
4.8 -40
0
40
80
120
160
TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (C)
TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (C)
Figure 28. Output Voltage VQ vs. Junction Temperature TJ, 5.0 V Version
40 Iq, CURRENT CONSUMPTION (mA) TJ = 25C RL = 20 W 30 10 9.0 8.0 7.0 6.0 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0 0
Figure 29. Output Voltage VQ vs. Junction Temperature TJ, 3.3 V Version
20
10
0
Iq, CURRENT CONSUMPTION (mA)
RL = 20 W TJ = 25C
0
10
20
30
40
50
10
20
30
40
50
VI, INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
VI, INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
Figure 30. Current Consumption Iq vs. Input Voltage VI, 5.0 V Version
6.0 VQ, OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) VQ, OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0 RL = 20 W TJ = 25C 6.0 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0 0
Figure 31. Current Consumption Iq vs. Input Voltage VI, 3.3 V Version
TJ = 25C RL = 20 W
0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
VI, INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
VI, INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
Figure 33. Low Voltage Behavior, 5.0 V Version
Figure 32. Low Voltage Behavior, 3.3 V Version
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NCV4276, NCV4276A
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS - 4276A Version
6.0 4.0 2.0 II (mA) II (mA) 0 -2.0 -4.0 -6.0 -8.0 -10 -50 -25 0 VI, INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 25 50 -8.0 -10 -50 RL = 6.8 kW TJ = 25C -2.0 -4.0 -6.0 RL = 6.8 kW TJ = 25C -25 0 VI, INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 25 50 2.0 0
Figure 34. Input Current vs. Input Voltage, 5.0 V Version
600 VDR, DROP VOLTAGE (mV) 500 TJ = 125C 400 300 TJ = 25C 200 100 0 IQ, OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) 800
Figure 35. Input Current II vs. Input Voltage VI, 3.3 V Version
TJ = 25C VQ = 0 V 600
400
200
0
100
200
300
400
0
0
10
20
30
40
50
IQ, OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
VI, INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
Figure 36. Dropout Voltage VDR vs. Output Current IQ
60 Iq, CURRENT CONSUMPTION (mA) Iq, CURRENT CONSUMPTION (mA) 50 40 30 20 10 0 VI = 13.5 V TJ = 25C 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 0
Figure 37. Maximum Output Current IQ vs. Input Voltage VI
VI = 13.5 V
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
10
20
30
40
50
60
IQ, OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
IQ, OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
Figure 38. Current Consumption Iq vs. Output Current IQ (High Load)
Figure 39. Current Consumption Iq vs. Output Current IQ (Low Load)
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NCV4276, NCV4276A
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS - Adjustable Version
2.55 2.54 2.53 2.52 VQ (V) 2.51 2.50 2.49 2.48 2.47 2.46 2.45 -40 0 40 TJ (C) 80 120 160 Iq (mA) VI = 13.5 V, RL = 1 kW 5.0 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 0 10 20 VI (V) 30 40 50 TJ = 25C RL = 20 W
Figure 40. Output Voltage VQ vs. Junction Temperature TJ, Adjustable Version
4 3.5 3 II (mA) VQ (V) 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 0 2 4 VI (V) 6 8 10 TJ = 25C RL = 20 W 2 0 -2 -4 -6 -8 -10 -12 -14
Figure 41. Current Consumption Iq vs. Input Voltage VI, Adjustable Version
-16 -18 -50
TJ = 25C RL = 6.8 kW -25 0 VI (V) 25 50
Figure 42. Low Voltage Behavior, Adjustable Version
Figure 43. High Voltage Behavior, Adjustable Version
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NCV4276, NCV4276A
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS - Adjustable Version
600 500 400 300 200 100 0 0 50 100 150 200 IQ (mA) 250 300 350 400 TJ = 125C 800 700 600 VDR (mV) IQ (mA) 500 400 300 200 100 0 0 10 20 VI (V) 30 40 50 TJ = 25C VQ = 0 V
TJ = 25C
Figure 44. Dropout Voltage VDR vs. Output Current IQ, Regulator Set at 5.0 V, Adjustable Version
60 50 40 IQ (mA) 30 20 10 0 0 100 200 300 IQ (mA) 400 500 600 TJ = 25C VI = 13.5 V Iq (mA) 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 0
Figure 45. Maximum Output Current IQ vs. Input Voltage VI, Adjustable Version
TJ = 25C VI = 13.5 V
10
20
30 IQ (mA)
40
50
60
Figure 46. Current Consumption Iq vs. Output Current IQ (High Load), Adjustable Version
Figure 47. Current Consumption Iq vs. Output Current IQ (Low Load), Adjustable Version
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NCV4276, NCV4276A
Circuit Description The NCV4276 is an integrated low dropout regulator that provides a regulated voltage at 400 mA to the output. It is enabled with an input to the inhibit pin. The regulator voltage is provided by a PNP pass transistor controlled by an error amplifier with a bandgap reference, which gives it the lowest possible dropout voltage. The output current capability is 400 mA, and the base drive quiescent current is controlled to prevent oversaturation when the input voltage is low or when the output is overloaded. The regulator is protected by both current limit and thermal shutdown. Thermal shutdown occurs above 150C to protect the IC during overloads and extreme ambient temperatures. Regulator The error amplifier compares the reference voltage to a sample of the output voltage (VQ) and drives the base of a PNP series pass transistor via a buffer. The reference is a bandgap design to give it a temperature-stable output. Saturation control of the PNP is a function of the load current and input voltage. Oversaturation of the output power device is prevented, and quiescent current in the ground pin is minimized. See Figure 5, Test Circuit, for circuit element nomenclature illustration. Regulator Stability Considerations The input capacitors (CI1 and CI2) are necessary to stabilize the input impedance to avoid voltage line influences. Using a resistor of approximately 1.0 W in series with CI2 can stop potential oscillations caused by stray inductance and capacitance. The output capacitor helps determine three main characteristics of a linear regulator: startup delay, load transient response and loop stability. The capacitor value and type should be based on cost, availability, size and temperature constraints. The aluminum electrolytic capacitor is the least expensive solution, but, if the circuit operates at low temperatures (-25C to -40C), both the value and ESR of the capacitor will vary considerably. The capacitor manufacturer's data sheet usually provides this information. The value for the output capacitor CQ, shown in Figure 3, should work for most applications; however, it is not necessarily the optimized solution. Stability is guaranteed for CQ w 22 mF and an ESR v 2.5 W for the 5.0 V and Adjustable regulator and CQ w 10 mF and an ESR v 1.8 W for the 1.8 V, 2.5 V, and 3.3 V regulators. See Figures 5 and 6 for output stability at various load and capacitive ESR conditions. Inhibit Input The inhibit pin is used to turn the regulator on or off. By holding the pin down to a voltage less than 0.5 V, the output of the regulator will be turned off. When the voltage on the Inhibit pin is greater than 3.5 V, the output of the regulator will be enabled to power its output to the regulated output voltage. The inhibit pin may be connected directly to the input pin to give constant enable to the output regulator. Setting the Output Voltage (Adjustable Version) The output voltage range of the adjustable version can be set between 2.5 V and 20 V (Figure ). This is accomplished with an external resistor divider feeding back the voltage to the IC back to the error amplifier by the voltage adjust pin VA. The internal reference voltage is set to a temperature stable reference of 2.5 V. The output voltage is calculated from the following formula. Ignoring the bias current into the VA pin:
VQ + [(R1 ) R2) * Vref] R2
Use R2 < 50 k to avoid significant voltage output errors due to VA bias current. Connecting VA directly to Q without R1 and R2 creates an output voltage of 2.5 V. Designers should consider the tolerance of R1 and R2 during the design phase. The input voltage range for operation (pin 1) of the adjustable version is between (VQ + 0.5 V) and 40 V. Internal bias requirements dictate a minimum input voltage of 4.5 V. The dropout voltage for output voltages less than 4.0 V is (4.5 V - VQ).
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NCV4276, NCV4276A
Calculating Power Dissipation in a Single Output Linear Regulator The maximum power dissipation for a single output regulator (Figure 48) is:
PD(max) + [VI(max) * VQ(min)] IQ(max) ) VI(max)Iq
(1)
where is the maximum input voltage, is the minimum output voltage, is the maximum output current for the application, Iq is the quiescent current the regulator consumes at IQ(max). Once the value of PD(max) is known, the maximum permissible value of RqJA can be calculated:
T RqJA + 150C * A PD
(2)
Heatsinks A heatsink effectively increases the surface area of the package to improve the flow of heat away from the IC and into the surrounding air. Each material in the heat flow path between the IC and the outside environment will have a thermal resistance. Like series electrical resistances, these resistances are summed to determine the value of RqJA:
RqJA + RqJC ) RqCS ) RqSA
(3)
VI(max) VQ(min) IQ(max)
where RqJC is the junction-to-case thermal resistance, RqCS is the case-to-heatsink thermal resistance, RqSA is the heatsink-to-ambient thermal resistance. RqJC appears in the package section of the data sheet. Like RqJA, it too is a function of package type. RqCS and RqSA are functions of the package type, heatsink and the interface between them. These values appear in data sheets of heatsink manufacturers. Thermal, mounting, and heatsinking considerations are discussed in the ON Semiconductor application note AN1040/D.
The value of RqJA can then be compared with those in the package section of the data sheet. Those packages with RqJA less than the calculated value in Equation 2 will keep the die temperature below 150C. In some cases, none of the packages will be sufficient to dissipate the heat generated by the IC, and an external heatsink will be required.
II VI SMART REGULATOR(R) IQ VQ
} Control Features
Iq
Figure 48. Single Output Regulator with Key Performance Parameters Labeled
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NCV4276, NCV4276A
Thermal Model A discussion of thermal modeling is in the ON Semiconductor web site: http://www.onsemi.com/pub/collateral/BR1487-D.PDF.
Table 1. DPAK 5-Lead Thermal RC Network Models
Drain Copper Area (1 oz thick) (SPICE Deck Format) 168 C_C1 C_C2 C_C3 C_C4 C_C5 C_C6 C_C7 C_C8 C_C9 C_C10 Junction node1 node2 node3 node4 node5 node6 node7 node8 node9 GND GND GND GND GND GND GND GND GND GND 168 mm2 736 mm2 168 mm2 736 mm2 Cauer Network mm2 736 mm2 Units W-s/C W-s/C W-s/C W-s/C W-s/C W-s/C W-s/C W-s/C W-s/C W-s/C R's C/W C/W C/W C/W C/W C/W C/W C/W C/W C/W 0.0123 0.0585 0.0304 0.3997 3.115 3.571 12.851 35.471 46.741 R's 0.0123 0.0585 0.0287 0.3772 2.68 1.38 5.92 7.39 28.94 C/W C/W C/W C/W C/W C/W C/W C/W C/W C/W Tau 1.36E-08 7.41E-07 1.04E-05 3.91E-05 1.80E-03 3.77E-01 3.79E+00 2.65E+01 8.71E+01 Foster Network Tau 1.361E-08 7.411E-07 1.029E-05 3.737E-05 1.376E-03 2.851E-02 9.475E-01 1.173E+01 8.59E+01 Units sec sec sec sec sec sec sec sec sec sec
1.00E-06 1.00E-05 6.00E-05 1.00E-04 4.36E-04 6.77E-02 1.51E-01 4.80E-01 3.740 10.322 168 mm2
1.00E-06 1.00E-05 6.00E-05 1.00E-04 3.64E-04 1.92E-02 1.27E-01 1.018 2.955 0.438 736 mm2
R_R1 R_R2 R_R3 R_R4 R_R5 R_R6 R_R7 R_R8 R_R9 R_R10 NOTE:
Junction node1 node2 node3 node4 node5 node6 node7 node8 node9
node1 node2 node3 node4 node5 node6 node7 node8 node9 GND
0.015 0.08 0.4 0.2 2.97519 8.2971 25.9805 46.5192 17.7808 0.1
0.015 0.08 0.4 0.2 2.6171 1.6778 7.4246 14.9320 19.2560 0.1758
Bold face items represent the package without the external thermal system. Junction R1 R2 R3 Rn
C1
C2
C3
Cn Ambient (thermal ground)
Time constants are not simple RC products. Amplitudes of mathematical solution are not the resistance values.
Figure 49. Grounded Capacitor Thermal Network ("Cauer" Ladder)
Junction R1 R2 R3 Rn
C1
C2
C3
Cn
Each rung is exactly characterized by its RC-product time constant; amplitudes are the resistances.
Ambient (thermal ground)
Figure 50. Non-Grounded Capacitor Thermal Ladder ("Foster" Ladder) http://onsemi.com
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NCV4276, NCV4276A
Table 2. D2PAK 5-Lead Thermal RC Network Models
Drain Copper Area (1 oz thick) (SPICE Deck Format) 241 mm2 788 mm2 241 mm2 788 mm2 Cauer Network 241 mm2 C_C1 C_C2 C_C3 C_C4 C_C5 C_C6 C_C7 C_C8 C_C9 C_C10 Junction node1 node2 node3 node4 node5 node6 node7 node8 node9 GND GND GND GND GND GND GND GND GND GND 1.00E-06 1.00E-05 6.00E-05 1.00E-04 2.82E-04 5.58E-03 4.25E-01 9.22E-01 1.73 7.12 241 mm2 R_R1 R_R2 R_R3 R_R4 R_R5 R_R6 R_R7 R_R8 R_R9 R_R10 NOTE: Junction node1 node2 node3 node4 node5 node6 node7 node8 node9 node1 node2 node3 node4 node5 node6 node7 node8 node9 GND 0.015 0.08 0.4 0.2 1.85638 1.23672 9.81541 33.1868 27.0263 1.13944 653 mm2 1.00E-06 1.00E-05 6.00E-05 1.00E-04 2.87E-04 5.95E-03 4.61E-01 2.05 4.88 1.31 653 mm2 0.0150 0.0800 0.4000 0.2000 1.8839 1.2272 5.3383 18.9591 13.3369 0.1191 C/W C/W C/W C/W C/W C/W C/W C/W C/W C/W Units W-s/C W-s/C W-s/C W-s/C W-s/C W-s/C W-s/C W-s/C W-s/C W-s/C R's 0.0123 0.0585 0.0257 0.3413 1.77 1.54 4.13 6.27 60.80 R's 0.0123 0.0585 0.0260 0.3438 1.81 1.52 3.46 5.03 29.30 C/W C/W C/W C/W C/W C/W C/W C/W C/W C/W Tau 1.361E-08 7.411E-07 1.005E-05 3.460E-05 7.868E-04 7.431E-03 2.786E+00 2.014E+01 1.134E+02 Foster Network Tau 1.361E-08 7.411E-07 1.007E-05 3.480E-05 8.107E-04 7.830E-03 2.012E+00 2.601E+01 1.218E+02 Units sec sec sec sec sec sec sec sec sec sec
Bold face items represent the package without the external thermal system.
The Cauer networks generally have physical significance and may be divided between nodes to separate thermal behavior due to one portion of the network from another. The Foster networks, though when sorted by time constant (as above) bear a rough correlation with the Cauer networks, are really only convenient mathematical models. Cauer networks can be easily implemented using circuit simulating tools, whereas Foster networks may be more easily implemented using mathematical tools (for instance, in a spreadsheet program), according to the following formula:
R(t) +
S Ri 1-e-t taui i+1
n
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NCV4276, NCV4276A
110 100 90 qJA (C/W) qJA (C/W) 80 70 60 50 40 30 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 COPPER AREA (mm2) 2 oz 1 oz 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 COPPER AREA (mm2) 2 oz 1 oz
Figure 51. qJA vs. Copper Spreader Area, DPAK 5-Lead
Figure 52. qJA vs. Copper Spreader Area, D2PAK 5-Lead
100 Cu Area 167 mm2 10 R(t) C/W Cu Area 736 mm2
1.0 sqrt(t) 0.1
0.01 0.0000001
0.000001
0.00001
0.0001
0.001
0.01 TIME (sec)
0.1
1.0
10
100
1000
Figure 53. Single-Pulse Heating Curves, DPAK 5-Lead
100 Cu Area 167 mm2 10 R(t) C/W Cu Area 736 mm2
1.0
0.1
0.01 0.0000001
0.000001
0.00001
0.0001
0.001
0.01 TIME (sec)
0.1
1.0
10
100
1000
Figure 54. Single-Pulse Heating Curves, D2PAK 5-Lead
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NCV4276, NCV4276A
100 50% Duty Cycle RqJA 736 mm2 C/W 10 20% 10% 5% 2% 1%
1.0
0.1 Non-normalized Response 0.01 0.0000001 0.000001 0.00001 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1.0 10 100 1000
PULSE WIDTH (sec)
Figure 55. Duty Cycle for 1, Spreader Boards, DPAK 5-Lead
100 50% Duty Cycle RqJA 788 mm2 C/W 10 20% 10% 5% 2% 1%
1.0
0.1 Non-normalized Response 0.01 0.0000001 0.000001 0.00001 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1.0 10 100 1000
PULSE WIDTH (sec)
Figure 56. Duty Cycle for 1, Spreader Boards, D2PAK 5-Lead
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NCV4276, NCV4276A
MARKING DIAGRAMS
76AXXG ALYWW
NC V4276A-XX AWLYWWG 1 NCV4276A D2PAK 5-PIN DS SUFFIX CASE 936A
4276XG ALYWW
NC V4276-XX AWLYWWG
1 NCV4276A DPAK 5-PIN DT SUFFIX CASE 175AA
1
1 NCV4276 NCV4276 D2PAK 5-PIN DS SUFFIX CASE 936A
DPAK 5-PIN DT SUFFIX CASE 175AA
*Tab is connected to Pin 3 on all packages. A WL, L Y WW G x, xx = Assembly Location = Wafer Lot = Year = Work Week = Pb-Free Device = Voltage Ratings as indicated below
A-Version DPAK XX = AJ (Adj. Voltage) XX = 50 (5.0 V) Non-A-Version DPAK X = V (Adj. Voltage) X = 5 (5.0 V) X = 3 (3.3 V) D2PAK XX = AJ (Adj. Voltage) XX = 50 (5.0 V) XX = 33 (3.3 V) XX = 25 (2.5 V) XX = 18 (1.8 V) D2PAK XX = AJ (Adj. Voltage) XX = 50 (5.0 V)
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NCV4276, NCV4276A
ORDERING INFORMATION
Device NCV4276DT50RK NCV4276DT50RKG NCV4276DS50 NCV4276DS50G NCV4276DS50R4 NCV4276DS50R4G NCV4276DT33RK NCV4276DT33RKG NCV4276DS33 NCV4276DS33G NCV4276DS33R4 NCV4276DS33R4G NCV4276DS25 NCV4276DS25G NCV4276DS25R4 NCV4276DS25R4G NCV4276DS18 NCV4276DS18G NCV4276DS18R4 NCV4276DS18R4G NCV4276DTADJRKG NCV4276DSADJG NCV4276DSADJR4G NCV4276ADT33RKG NCV4276ADT50RKG NCV4276ADS50G NCV4276ADS50R4G NCV4276ADTADJRKG NCV4276ADSADJG NCV4276ADSADJR4G Adjustable 2% 5.0 V 3.3 V Adjustable 1.8 V 2.5 V 4% 3.3 V 5.0 V Output Voltage Accuracy Output Voltage Package DPAK, 5-Pin DPAK, 5-Pin (Pb-Free) D2PAK, 5-Pin D2PAK, 5-Pin (Pb-Free) D2PAK, 5-Pin D2PAK, 5-Pin (Pb-Free) DPAK, 5-Pin DPAK, 5-Pin (Pb-Free) D2PAK, 5-Pin D2PAK, 5-Pin (Pb-Free) Shipping 2500 / Tape & Reel 2500 / Tape & Reel 50 Units / Rail 50 Units / Rail 800 / Tape & Reel 800 / Tape & Reel 2500 / Tape & Reel 2500 / Tape & Reel 50 Units / Rail 50 Units / Rail 800 / Tape & Reel 800 / Tape & Reel 50 Units / Rail 50 Units / Rail 800 / Tape & Reel 800 / Tape & Reel 50 Units / Rail 50 Units / Rail 800 / Tape & Reel 800 / Tape & Reel 2500 / Tape & Reel 50 Units / Rail 800 / Tape & Reel 2500 / Tape & Reel 2500 / Tape & Reel 50 Units / Rail 800 / Tape & Reel 2500 / Tape & Reel 50 Units / Rail 800 / Tape & Reel
D2PAK, 5-Pin D2PAK, 5-Pin (Pb-Free)
D2PAK, 5-Pin D2PAK, 5-Pin (Pb-Free)
D2PAK, 5-Pin D2PAK, 5-Pin (Pb-Free)
D2PAK, 5-Pin D2PAK, 5-Pin (Pb-Free)
D2PAK, 5-Pin D2PAK, 5-Pin (Pb-Free)
DPAK, 5-Pin (Pb-Free) D2PAK, 5-Pin (Pb-Free) DPAK, 5-Pin (Pb-Free) DPAK, 5-Pin (Pb-Free) D2PAK, 5-Pin (Pb-Free) DPAK, 5-Pin (Pb-Free) D2PAK, 5-Pin (Pb-Free)
For information on tape and reel specifications, including part orientation and tape sizes, please refer to our Tape and Reel Packaging Specifications Brochure, BRD8011/D.
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NCV4276, NCV4276A
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
DPAK 5, CENTER LEAD CROP DT SUFFIX CASE 175AA-01 ISSUE A
NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH. INCHES MIN MAX 0.235 0.245 0.250 0.265 0.086 0.094 0.020 0.028 0.018 0.023 0.024 0.032 0.180 BSC 0.034 0.040 0.018 0.023 0.102 0.114 0.045 BSC 0.170 0.190 0.185 0.210 0.025 0.040 0.020 --- 0.035 0.050 0.155 0.170 MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 5.97 6.22 6.35 6.73 2.19 2.38 0.51 0.71 0.46 0.58 0.61 0.81 4.56 BSC 0.87 1.01 0.46 0.58 2.60 2.89 1.14 BSC 4.32 4.83 4.70 5.33 0.63 1.01 0.51 --- 0.89 1.27 3.93 4.32
-T- B V R C E
SEATING PLANE
R1 Z U
S
A
1234 5
K F L D G
5 PL
J H 0.13 (0.005)
M
DIM A B C D E F G H J K L R R1 S U V Z
T
SOLDERING FOOTPRINT*
6.4 0.252 2.2 0.086
5.8 0.228
0.34 5.36 0.013 0.217
10.6 0.417
0.8 0.031
SCALE 4:1
mm inches
*For additional information on our Pb-Free strategy and soldering details, please download the ON Semiconductor Soldering and Mounting Techniques Reference Manual, SOLDERRM/D.
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NCV4276, NCV4276A
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
D2PAK 5 LEAD DS SUFFIX CASE 936A-02 ISSUE C
NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH. 3. TAB CONTOUR OPTIONAL WITHIN DIMENSIONS A AND K. 4. DIMENSIONS U AND V ESTABLISH A MINIMUM MOUNTING SURFACE FOR TERMINAL 6. 5. DIMENSIONS A AND B DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH OR GATE PROTRUSIONS. MOLD FLASH AND GATE PROTRUSIONS NOT TO EXCEED 0.025 (0.635) MAXIMUM. INCHES MIN MAX 0.386 0.403 0.356 0.368 0.170 0.180 0.026 0.036 0.045 0.055 0.067 BSC 0.539 0.579 0.050 REF 0.000 0.010 0.088 0.102 0.018 0.026 0.058 0.078 5 _ REF 0.116 REF 0.200 MIN 0.250 MIN MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 9.804 10.236 9.042 9.347 4.318 4.572 0.660 0.914 1.143 1.397 1.702 BSC 13.691 14.707 1.270 REF 0.000 0.254 2.235 2.591 0.457 0.660 1.473 1.981 5 _ REF 2.946 REF 5.080 MIN 6.350 MIN
-T- A K B
12345 OPTIONAL CHAMFER
TERMINAL 6
E V
U
S H M N G R L
D 0.010 (0.254)
M
T
P
C
SOLDERING FOOTPRINT*
8.38 0.33 1.702 0.067 10.66 0.42
DIM A B C D E G H K L M N P R S U V
16.02 0.63
3.05 0.12
1.016 0.04
SCALE 3:1 mm inches
*For additional information on our Pb-Free strategy and soldering details, please download the ON Semiconductor Soldering and Mounting Techniques Reference Manual, SOLDERRM/D.
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NCV4276/D

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